Driving an Electric Vehicle in Cold Weather

Electric vehicles (EVs) are less efficient in cold weather because their batteries operate less efficiently and range can be reduced by 5–30%.

Why does this happen?

* Battery temperature - The ideal operating temperature for an EV battery is between 68–86°F, depending on the model. When it's cold, the battery's electrochemical processes slow down, making it harder for the battery to take and deliver a charge.

* Charging time  - When it's cold, the car needs to warm the battery before it can charge, which takes time and energy. This means the battery takes longer to charge, and some of the power from the charger goes to heating the battery instead of charging it.

How can you reduce the impact of cold weather?

* Use a battery heat pump - Many new electric cars have a battery heat pump, which can help improve range in cold weather.

* Charge at a fast speed - After charging at a fast speed for a while, the battery will have reached operating temperature, which means the range should be better.

Who might notice the impact more?

* Drivers who regularly make long journeys might need to recharge more often in the winter.

* Drivers who park their car outside or in an unheated garage might notice a bigger impact.